After a stroke or traumatic brain injury, it is common to experience behavioral and emotional changes. These can vary from person to person, based on which part of the brain was affected by the incident.
These changes can be challenging for family members and friends, who find themselves dealing with a person who, at times, may seem very different from the loved one they remember.
To better understand what is happening, let’s explore some of the ways injuries to the brain can affect behavior and emotions.
Aggression. This is the result of both personality changes and decreased impulse control. Typically, when you confront a frustrating situation, there’s that little voice in your head that helps to regulate your reaction. But with poor impulse control, those frustrated emotions can run from zero to 100 in the blink of an eye. This isn’t unlike the behavior of small children, who can be set off by one little thing going wrong. It may be countered through de-escalation, remaining calm, ignoring the behavior and avoiding confrontation.
Emotional volatility. With those internal regulators damaged, emotions may swing wildly and unpredictably. You may find yourself crying over something that wouldn’t normally be upsetting or literally laughing at a funeral. Your loved ones need to try to understand that this behavior is not intentional and avoid criticism or arguments over the behavior.
Apathy. This could show up as a lack of motivation, emotion or interest in the world. This can be particularly challenging for loved ones who want to share with you the joy they may be experiencing – the birth of a child or grandchild, for example. The joyous announcement could be met with little more than a shrug. Gently remind them it isn’t personal, even if it feels that way.
Lack of empathy. An injured brain can make it very difficult to think beyond the concrete here-and-now. If you can’t see beyond your own immediate situation, it is almost impossible to consider how others are feeling and reacting. This could manifest in the form of unreasonable demands and comments that seem hurtful or thoughtless. Friends and family can gently remind you to practice polite behaviors.
Memory problems. These issues could come in the form of short-term memory difficulties or even losing entire chunks of time. It is often more difficult to acquire and retain newer memories. Establishing a daily routine and structured environment can help keep things on track. Lists and written notes can keep track of daily chores, phone messages and other items. Also keep distractions to a minimum and focus on one task at a time.
Inappropriate sexual behavior. Changes in the brain can result in increased or decreased interest in sex. Paired with changes in impulse control, this can result in moments of sexual awkwardness or difficulty. Without those filters, there may be inappropriate sexual comments, flirtations and advances. It’s important to have reminders about appropriate behaviors.
Coping With Change
Physical, occupational and speech therapists will play an important role in rehabilitation and adapting to changes. But there is more you can do forge a new life.
A support group can be a wonderful coping mechanism for you and your family. Being around other people who are walking in your shoes can help you better understand your situation and how others have dealt with it. Finding one that divides patients and caregivers into separate groups is a bonus.
You don’t even need to find an in-person group. Social media also offers access to support groups around the world, filled with professionals and families with experiences to share.
Just know that you aren’t alone. This is particularly important if you don’t have a strong family foundation to help deal with what can be a life-changing diagnosis. In the immediate aftermath, you may be surrounded by people pledging their support – until the reality of the situation kicks in.
Don’t try to do everything alone and be sure to set aside time to take care of yourself.
This content is not AI generated.
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